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Carley Library of Automotive Repair Articles

Copyright 2008 Larry Carley (Updated: May 5, 2008)
NOTE: The following auto repair articles are provided for individual use only and may not be copied, duplicated, redistributed or reused without the author's written permission. To view an article, click on the title. To print an article, click on your browser PRINT button.

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SEARCH THE LIBRARY Search for topics in the library by entering a key word, phrase or term:
See also the Alphabetical Index of Articles and Topics on this website.

Automotive Glossary
Automotive Glossary of Terms A to E
Automotive Glossary of Terms F to P
Automotive Glossary of Terms R to Z
Automotive Acronyms

ASE English-Spanish Glossary of Technical Terms (PDF file, requires Acrobat Reader to view)

Automotive Training Resources

OEM Service Information & Technical Websites

List of OEM Service Websites & Access Fees
OEM Service Matrix (Listing all OEM sources for service literature) (PDF file - requires Adobe Acrobat Reader to view).

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Auto Repair Safety Tips (READ THIS FIRST!)

Air Conditioning Articles
MACS Recommended A/C Service Procedures (December 2005) (pdf file)
A/C Cooling Problem: Blows Warm Air Only No Cool Air
Troubleshooting Air Conditioning Problems
How To Recharge Your Car's Air Conditioner (DIY info)
Automatic Climate Control Systems
A/C Compressor Failures
A/C Condenser Flushing
A/C Service Opportunities
A/C Service Eqpt: What's Required Today
R134a Retrofit Update
R134a Retrofit Guide
Alternative Refrigerants
Future A/C Technology (CO2 & HFC152a)
New CO2 & Secondary Loop A/C Systems
New Refrigerants & A/C Systems
Watch Out For Refrigerant Contamination!
MACS 2005 A/C Technical Update
MACS 2004 A/C Technical Update
MACS 2003 A/C Technical Update
MACS 2001 Technical Update
MACS 2000 OEM Service Notes

Alignment Articles
Wheel Alignment: Camber, Caster & Toe
How To Align The Unalignable
Aligning Light Trucks & SUVs
Fixing Common Alignment Problems
Correcting Steering Pulls
Getting The Right Attitude: Restoring Ride Height

JC Whitney & Co. Brake & Suspension Parts

Brake Articles
Brake Lubricants (grease)
Big 3 Brake Symposium Notes - Oct 2002
Big 3 Brake Symposium Notes - May 2001
Doing A Complete Brake Job
All About Antilock Brake Systems (ABS)
Bleeding ABS Brake Systems
Antilock Braking Systems (1998 model year)
ABS Systems Come Under Fire
New ABS Diagnostic Testers
Pulling ABS Diagnostic Codes
Chrysler Dodge Plymouth Minivan Bendix 10 Antilock Brakes
GM Delphi DBC-7 ABS Antilock Brakes
Jeep Bendix 9 Antilock Brakes
Kelsey-Hayes 4WAL Antilock Brakes
Traction Control
Electronic Stability Control
Brake-By-Wire
Choosing Brake Friction Materials
Finding the Right Friction Material for Your Vehicle
Application Specific Brake Friction Materials
Update On Application Specific Brake Linings
Rating Aftermarket Brake Linings: D3EA Testing
New Ceramic-Enhanced Brake Pads
More on Ceramic Brake Pads
Silencing Brake Squeal
Eliminating Brake Noise
More on Brake Noise
Preventing Disc Brake Dust
Brake Rotors
Cautions on Composite Disc Brake Rotors
Drum Brake Service
Drum Brake Wheel Cylinder Inspection & Service
Brake Lubricant
Brake Fluid: A Hot Topic
Leica Brake Fluid Study (PDF file, requires Adobe Reader to view)
Bleeding Brakes
Parking Brake Service
Fixes For Common Brake Problems
Asbestos still a hazard
Troubleshooting Power Brakes

Cooling System Articles
Overheating: Causes & Cures
Finding & Fixing Coolant Leaks
Your Temperature Warning Lamp Is On. What Should You Do?
Coolant Sensors
Troubleshoot Electric Cooling Fan
Troubleshoot Cooling Fan Clutch
Water Pump Diagnosis & Replacement
Cooling System Parts
Radiator Repair & Replacement
Belt & hose service
Coolant recycling procedures & equipment
Coolant Checks & Changes More Complicated These Days
Clearing up Cooling System Confusion: The New Coolants & Service - Sept 2005
Heater Service

Driveability, Diagnostics & Emissions Articles
Car Won't Start (Possible Causes & Quick Checks)
Check Engine Light OnBoard Diagnostics
More on Check Engine Lights & Fault Code Diagnostics
Ford P0171 & P0174 Lean Codes
Other Warning Lights (TEMP, OIL, ALT/GEN, BRAKES, ABS, AIR BAGS, etc.)
Scan Tool Diagnostics
Keeping Scan Tools Up-To-Date
Controller Area Network (CAN) Diagnostics
Mode 06 Diagnostics
Flash Reprogramming PCMs
Flash Reprogramming PCMs (more)
Powertrain Control Modules (PCMs)
Understanding Engine Management Systems
Making Sense of Engine Sensors
Coolant Sensors
Crankshaft Position CKP Sensors
Understanding Oxygen (O2) Sensors
Wide Ratio Air Fuel (WRAF) Sensors
Sensing Emission Problems (O2 Sensors)
MAP sensors
Mass Airflow MAF Sensors
Vane Airflow VAF Sensors
Throttle Position Sensors
Decoding Onboard Diagnostics
TROUBLE CODES (list of generic OBD2 trouble codes and definitions)
All About Onboard Diagnostics II (OBD II)
Understanding OBD II Driveability & Emissions Problems
Zeroing in on OBD II Diagnostics
Emissions testing update
Evolution of I/M 240
The Environmental Challenge Now Is CO2
Fixing Emission Failures
Basic Emission Control Systems Overview
Catalytic Converters
Troubleshooting a P0420 Catalyst Code
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
Spark Knock (Detonation)
Troubleshooting Fuel Injectors
Troubleshooting Electronic Fuel Injection Problems
Fuel System Diagnostics: Finding the Best Approach
Fuel Pump Diagnosis Tips from Carter (PDF file - requires Adobe Acrobat Reader to view).
How To Diagnose & Repair Carburetor Problems
Bad Gasoline Causes Performance Problems
Bad Gas Update 2006
1998 Saturn SC2 intermittent cranks no start problem
The Scoop On Scopes (Diagnostic Storage Oscilloscopes)
Distributorless Ignition Systems
Coil-Over-Plug Ignition Systems
Multi-Coil Ignition Systems
Ignition Coil Diagnosis & Testing
Driveability Diagnosis: Misfires
Idle Surge (cause & cure)
Diagnosing Dead On Arrival Vehicles
Troubleshooting with Temperature
Troubleshooting electrical problems
Finding & Fixing Vacuum Leaks
What's a Tune-Up Today?
Don't Neglect the Spark Plugs
Why Spark Plugs Still Need To Be Replaced
Bosch Platinum Plus 4 "Forever" Spark Plugs
Light-Duty Diesel Diagnosis

JC Whitney & Co. Alternators, Starters & Electrical Parts
battery, starter, alternator problems

Electrical, Battery, Starting & Charging System Articles
Battery Safety (Read First!!!)
Hybrid Safety Hazards
Troubleshooting electrical problems
Voltage Drop Testing
Power Centers: Relays & Fuses
Diagnosing A Battery That Runs Down
Battery Science
Battery Testing
Starting & Charging System Troubleshooting
Charging System Checks (alternator testing)
High Output Alternators (Why You May Need One)
More on Starters
Lights (headlights & bulbs)
High Intensity Discharge (HID) Headlights

Engine Mechanical Articles
Chevy Aveo 1.6L Timing Belt Replacement
Chrysler 3.5L V6 Engine Service
Chrysler/Mitsubishi 3.0L V6 Engine Service
Chrysler Neon 2.0L Engine Service
GM Timing Belt Replacement
Ford Timing Belts & Chains
Toyota & Honda Timing Belts
Cadillac Northstar V8 Engine Service
Light Duty Truck Diesel Engine Service
Engine Replacement Issues
Motor Mounts
Engine Repair Options
OHC Cylinder Head Repairs
Engine Rebuilding Tips
Replacing Internal Engine Parts
Cylinder Bore Honing Techniques
More on Cylinder Honing
Cylinder Boring
Cylinder Bore Surface Finishes (by the numbers)
Timing Chains & Belts
Aftermarket Timing Belt Warranty Warning
Timing Belts: Is Your Engine and Interference Engine?
About Camshafts & How To Choose a Camshaft
New Gasket Sealing & Resurfacing Requirements for Today's Engines
Cast Iron Cylinder Head and Block Crack Repairs
Valve Guide Repairs
Valve Seat Repairs
Performance Valve Seats
Causes of Valve Failures
Cylinder Head Resurfacing
Engine Resurfacing Equipment
Crankshaft Polishing
Benefits of Crankshaft & Engine Balancing
Tracking Down Causes of Engine Failure
Preventing Repeat Head Gasket Failures
Why Head Gaskets Fail
All About Cylinder Head Bolts
Troubleshooting Low Oil Pressure
Oil Pump Diagnosis
What Every Technician Should Know About Engine Bearings
Engine Bearings: Stock & Performance
Performance Pistons
Evolution of Piston Design
Piston Rings: Stock & Performance
Rings of Steel: Update On Piston Ring Technology
Piston Rings: Stock & Performance
Piston Rings & Sealing
Piston Ring End Gap Recommendations
Engine Compression Testing
Engine Leakdown Testing
Measuring Blowby
Causes of High Oil Consumption"
Diagnosing Engine Noise

Exhaust Articles
Troubleshooting Exhaust Problems
Troubleshooting a P0420 Catalytic Converter Code
Catalytic Converter Testing
High Performance Mufflers & Exhaust Systems

Front-Wheel Drive Articles
CV Joints & FWD shafts, part 1: Basics
CV Joints, part 2: Service & Repair
More About CV Joint and Halfshaft Service
Torque Steer in FWD Cars

Ignition & Spark Plugs Articles
Spark Plug Technology
Don't Neglect the Spark Plugs
Why Spark Plugs Still Need To Be Replaced
Spark Plug Wires
Analyzing Ignition Misfires
Engine Won't Start, No Spark
Spark Plugs & Ignition Performance
Chevy Firing Orders
Chrysler Firing Orders
Ford Firing Orders
Distributor Ignition Systems
Distributorless Ignition Systems
Coil-Over-Plug Ignition Systems
Multi-Coil Ignition Systems
Ignition Coil Diagnosis & Testing
Diagnosing Dead On Arrival Vehicles

Lubrication & Maintenance articles
What Every Motorist Needs To Know About Motor Oil
Motor Oils & Lubricants
How Often Should You Change Your Oil?
How To Change Your Oil
Certified Master Technicians Speak Out On Oil Change Intervals - June 2006
API Motor Oil Classifications
API Oil Rating Guide 2004 (PDF file - requires Adobe Acrobat Reader to view).
Watch Out for Obsolete "SA" Motor Oils (PDF file - requires Adobe Acrobat Reader to view).
Motor Oil Additives
Motor Oil Viscosity
Synthetic Motor Oil
Troubleshooting Low Oil Pressure
Oil Pump Diagnosis
Oil Filters
Preventive Maintenance
Winterizing Tips
Summerize Tips for Hot Weather Driving
Recommended Service Intervals from the Car Care Council
Check Your Air Filter
Cabin Air Filters
Servicing Transmission, Oil & Air Filters
Automatic Transmission Fluid (types and applications)
Regular Fluid Flushes Good for Transmissions
Underhood Maintenance: Fluids, Filters, Belts & Hoses
Automotive Chemicals, Lubricants & Fluids
Windshield Wipers

JC Whitney & Co. Auto Parts & Accessories

Misc. Articles
Common Car problems (by symptom)
How To Avoid Auto Repair Fraud, Scams and Rip-offs
TV News Catches Auto Repair Scam
Update on the Motorist Assurance Program (MAP)
New Car Lemon Laws
How Much Should It Cost To Fix Your Car?
Auto Repair Facts for Consumers Provided By the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Got Car Trouble?
Where To Buy Auto Parts?
Serviceability Issues Confronting Today's Technicians
Getting a Trailer Hitch How To Choose & Install one that is Right for You)
Repairing & Maintaining Trailer Brakes (mechanical & electric)
How To Buy A Good Used Car (and NOT a Lemon!)
My Advice for Selling, Trading or Getting Rid of Your Old Car or Truck
Insurance (Money Saving Tips on Auto Insurance)
Speeding is NOT a Crime!!
Ending Our Dependence on Foreign Oil
Study Finds Toxic Chemicals in Car Interiors
Driving Green
Yes, Auto Repair Is Rocket Science!
No Time For Training? Think Again.
Automotive Technician Training Resources
Crappy Cars I Have Owned
My Favorite Cars
See Carley's BLOG for more topics

New Vehicles & Technology Articles
25 Most Fuel Efficient Cars for 2008
Which is Better? a Diesel Engine or a Gasoline/Electric Hybrid?
Hydrogen Fuel Cells
MAMA Spring Collection 2007
Highlights 2007 Chicago Auto Show
2007 Saturn New Car & Truck Preview
Who Killed GM's EV1 Electric Car?
SKF-Bertone Novanta Drive-By-Wire Concept Car
2005 Ford Mustang Driving Impression
Scion Rolls Out Its New Models
MAMA 2003 Spring Event
2003 Dodge Viper SRT-10
2003 Jaguar S-Type
Electric Hybrid Vehicles: Toyota Prius - April 2000
Hybrid Safety Hazards
Hybrid Vehicle Service Tips
Ford Wants To Crush Their Think Urban Electric Cars

Safety Articles
Common Sense Auto Repair Safety Tips
Service Bay Safety Tips
Battery Safety (Read This Before Jumping Starting, Charging or Replacing a Battery!)
Hybrid Safety Hazards
Hybrid Safety Information on Toyota Prius & other Toyota Vehicles
Hybrid Vehicle Service Tips
Milestones in Automotive Safety
Air Bags & Crash Sensors
NHTSA Official Air Bag Resource Page
NHTSA vehicle safety recalls
Study Finds Toxic Chemicals in Car Interiors
Electronic Stability Control
2008 Vehicle Crash Test Safety Ratings (Best and Worst)

Spark Plugs & Ignition Articles
Spark Plug Technology
Don't Neglect the Spark Plugs
Why Spark Plugs Still Need To Be Replaced
Spark Plug Wires
Analyzing Ignition Misfires
Spark Plugs & Ignition Performance
Distributorless Ignition Systems
Coil-Over-Plug Ignition Systems
Diagnosing Dead On Arrival Vehicles

Steering, Suspension & Tire Articles
Variable-Assist Power Steering Systems
Troubleshooting Rack & Pinion Steering
Rack & Pinion Steering Inner Tie Rod Sockets
Correcting Steering Pulls
Torque Steer in FWD Cars
Watch Out For Old Tires
Why Tires Fail
Preventing Tire Failures
New Tire Monitoring Systems
Blame It On The Tires
Tire Wear (What to look for, how to reduce it)
Tire Rotation: When & How To Rotate Your Tires
Tire inflation tips
Tire Valve Stems
Light Truck & SUV Tires
Curing wheel & tire vibrations
Wheel Balancing
Tire Changers & Wheel Balancers
Diagnosing ride control complaints
Suspension & Driveline Parts
Ball Joints: Inspection & Replacement Tips
Ball Joint Specifications (PDF file)
Tire Inflation Tips from Firestone (PDF file - 266K)
Tire Rotation Tips from Bridgestone (PDF file - 94K)
Sealed Wheel Bearing Hub Units
Wheel Bearing & Seal Service

Transmission, Clutch and Driveline Articles
Automatic Transmission Fluid & Filter Service
Automatic Transmission Fluid (types and applications)
Diagnosing Automatic Transmission Complaints
About Electronic Automatiuc Transmissions
Ford AX4S Automatic Transmission (Windstar & Taurus)
Torque Converters (basic operation & diagnosis)
High Performance Torque Converters
Common Clutch Problems
Clutch Service
Diagnosing & Replacing a Faulty Clutch
Import Manual Transmission & clutch Service
Flywheel Resurfacing
Wheel Bearing & Seal Service
Sealed Wheel Bearing & Hub Units
4WD Locking Hub Service
More on Servicing 4WD Locking Hubs

Articles For Professional Technicians
Technical Training Resources Page
International Automotive Technicians' Network (iATN)
Getting Your Shop On The MAP (Motorist Assurance Program)
How Do You Measure Up?
Repairophobia
ASE Update
What Every Technician Should Know About Rebuilt Parts

OEM Service Information & Technical Websites

List of OEM Service Websites & Access Fees
OEM Service Matrix (PDF file listing all OEM sources for service literature)

ALLDATA Technical Service Bulletins & Service Information

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